Ever wondered where the word Hallelujah comes from? Why do we sing it in songs to worship God? Well here’s the meaning behind the word straight from Holman’s Treasury of Key Bible Words!
Greek expression: hallēlouia
Pronunciation: hahl lay loo ee AH
Key Verses Revelation 19:1, 3–4, 6
Around Christmas time every year, people will hear bits and pieces of Handel’s “Messiah”—especially the lines from the Hallelujah chorus:
Hallelujah! Hallelujah! Hallelujah! Hallelujah!
Hallelujah! Hallelujah! Hallelujah! Hallelujah!
For the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth!
Most people know that Hallelujah is an exuberant word, but very few people know what the word actually means. Hallelujah is a transliteration from the Greek expression hallēlouia, which comes from two Hebrew words, which mean “praise Jah.” “Praise Jah” is short for “praise Yahweh.” Yahweh is God’s personal, self-revealed name. Unlike the general Old Testament word for God (elohim), this essential name conveys a dynamic personality. In Exodus 3:14, God tells Moses, “I am who I am.” These words denote one whose absolute uniqueness requires His defining Himself by Himself. The expression conveys the sense of a vitally real being, as if God had said to Moses, “I really am!” The Jews were explicitly commanded not to take the name Yahweh in vain (Exod. 20:2, 7; Lev. 24:16). Consequently, when reading the Old Testament, the Jews substituted Adonai, meaning “Lord,” for Yahweh. The closest they came to uttering His name was when they said, “Praise Jah,” which is translated as “Hallelujah” in English translations.
In the Septuagint version of Psalms 113–118, each psalm is headed with Allelujah. Through the Vulgate, the Latin translation of the Bible by St. Jerome at the end of the fourth century, this form of the word “Hallelujah” came into use among believers. “Hallelujah” does not appear anywhere in the New Testament, except in Revelation 19:1–6. There it is used in an acclamation of praise from the believers in heaven for God’s destruction of Babylon. Like another famous Hebrew praise term “Amen,” the word “Hallelujah” passed from the Old Testament to the New Testament, and thence to the Christian church. Believers in the early church used the word Hallelujah in their songs and hymns at an early date. It became the characteristic expression of joy, and was therefore sung at Christmas and Easter time. At Christmas time, we sing the Hallelujah chorus. At Easter, we often sing:
Christ the Lord is ris’n today, Alleluia!
Sons of men and angels say: Alleluia!
(“Christ the Lord Is Risen Today,” Charles Wesley)
We should remember that every time we sing “Hallelujah,” or “Alleluia,” we are praising the Lord Most High, Yahweh, with absolute respect and love—and if we casually use “Hallelujah,” or “Alleluia,” we are essentially taking the name of our Lord in vain.[1]
[1] Eugene E. Carpenter and Philip W. Comfort, Holman Treasury of Key Bible Words: 200 Greek and 200 Hebrew Words Defined and Explained (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2000), 298.